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Regular Pap Tests: A Good Habit for Women's Health
Today,
most cases of cervical cancer are preventable or treatable, thanks
to the Pap test. This simple test detects early signs of cancer
of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to
the vagina. It also can uncover abnormal cells before they
become cancer.
In addition, a Pap test can reveal abnormal cells caused by infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is the virus responsible for genital warts. Women with some types of HPV have a higher risk of cervical cancer.
Other women who may have a higher risk of cervical cancer include those who:
- do not get regular Pap tests
- became sexually active before age 16
- have had many sexual partners
- have HIV
- smoke.
Teens who have had a sexually transmitted disease also have a higher risk.
Screening is important for women of all races. Yet some are at higher risk than others. Latinas have a higher incidence of cervical cancer than Caucasian women. African-American women are more than twice as likely to die from cervical cancer, yet their incidence is slightly lower, compared with Caucasian women.
A Pap test only takes a few minutes and is usually painless. During the test, a doctor uses a small swab or brush to collect some cells from the cervix. The cells are later analyzed in a lab. Most tests turn out normal, but your doctor will contact you if yours is not.
The National Cancer Institute recommends yearly Pap tests for women age 18 and older and those who are sexually active. Ask your doctor how often you need to be tested.